近日，中科院植物所·国家植物标本馆的张宪春研究组在国际分类学杂志JournalofSpeciesResearch上发表了1个卷柏科新种——拟鞘舌卷柏SelaginellasubvaginataX.C.ZhangShalimov。

拟鞘舌卷柏

A~B.生境C.腋叶

D.中叶E.侧叶

F.孢子叶穗G~H.主茎

标尺=0.5mm

从形态上看，拟鞘舌卷柏介于鞘舌卷柏S.vaginata和高雄卷柏S.repanda之间，主要区别为：拟鞘舌卷柏的主茎直立，中叶内缘具长睫毛，外缘具小齿或基部具2~4根睫毛在基部，而鞘舌卷柏的中叶叶缘两侧均有长睫毛，高雄卷柏的中叶叶缘两侧具齿。具体特征比较见下图。

叶和孢子叶穗的形态对比：

A.腋叶，B.中叶，C.侧叶，D.孢子叶穗

1A~1D.缅甸卷柏S.kurzii

2A~2D.高雄卷柏

3A~3D.拟鞘舌卷柏

4A~4D.鞘舌卷柏

标尺=0.5mm（A~C），1mm（D）

分子系统学证据表明，拟鞘舌卷柏是一个独立的物种。该种模式产地为四川省九龙县，目前只在四川省九龙县、石绵县、冕宁县、米易县有发现，主要生于海拔~m的岩石上，和苔藓混生。

新种拟鞘舌卷柏的分布地图

拟鞘舌卷柏与近缘种的检索表

1.主茎匍匐，能育枝直立··························································································2

1.主茎直立，近直立或上部斜升·············································································3

2.侧叶基部下侧具齿或罕见睫毛；孢子叶略异形；大孢子表具疣状的网状纹饰或疣状或光滑纹饰·························································鞘舌卷柏S.vaginata

2.侧叶基部下侧具睫毛；孢子叶明显异形；大孢子表面具疣状和/或微蠕虫状·····································································································缅甸卷柏S.kurzii

3.植株8~30cm，主茎从基部斜升；侧叶镰形，先端急尖，基部上侧具短睫毛或齿··········································································高雄卷柏S.repanda

3.植株8~13(~25)cm，主茎近直立,侧叶阔椭圆形，先端渐尖,基部上侧密被长睫毛·······························································拟鞘舌卷柏S.subvaginata

上述研究成果见载于论文Selaginellasubvaginata(Selaginellaceae),anewspikemossfromChina，作者为博士AleksandrPetrovichShalimov、博士生Jong-SooKang和张梦华，通讯者为张宪春研究员。